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Battle of Lyncestis
The Battle of Lyncestis/Lynkestis/Lyncus took place in 423 BC between the allied forces of the Lyncestians and Illyrians against those of the Spartans and Macedonians. The battle was part of the wider Peloponnesian Wars. Before Athens suffered defeat at Delium in 424 BC, Sparta had sent an expedition under Brasidas to assist Perdiccas of Macedonia and other opponents of Athens. At first Sparta avoided involvement in Macedon's war with Arrhabaeus, but in 423 BC they joined an expedition which ended with retreat by the Macedonians and a brilliantly contrived escape of the Spartans.〔John Wilkes. The Illyrians〕
After the initial joint Illyrian and Lyncestian attack was repulsed, they pursued the Macedonians and blocked Brasidas' route at a pass, forcing his army up the surrounding hill and into Macedonia. This brought to a head the quarrel between Brasidas and Perdiccas.〔Hammond 1966〕
==Prelude==
Arrhabaeus, the rebellious king of Lyncestis(Lyncus), was subject to Perdiccas, whom Perdiccas at the time wanted to subordinate to Argead control.〔A Companion to Ancient Macedonia edited by Joseph Roisman, Ian Worthington〕 Much of what is known about the Macedonian kings before Alexander I relates to their struggles against Illyrian incursions. These Illyrian raids penetrated western Macedonia and threatened te Argead territory in the central plain. A century later the Illyrians continued to press their claim by joing Arrhabaeus.〔In the× Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon By Eugene N. Borza〕 In 423 BC, Sirras, king of the Illyrians married the daughter of Arrhabaeus. Some claim that the Illyrians were under Sirras when the battle took place but this is not supported in historiography (Thucydides incidentally never makes any mention of Sirras). If the Illyrians were indeed under the rule of Sirras during the events of the battle, then they were either the Taulantii〔Neritan Ceka 'The Illyrians to the Albanians'〕 or Encheleii,〔Jusuf Buxhovi 'Kovova-Anttika & Mesjeta'〕 depending on the affiliation of Sirras with either tribe and the exact location of his kingdom.
Perdiccas II was allied to the Spartans and, in 424 BC, helped the Spartan Brasidas to take Amphipolis from the Athenians, one of her most important colonies, mainly for its ready access to timber for her fleets. This was a severe blow to Athens, and would tie them to Macedonian timber for years to come, which strengthened Macedonia’s bargaining power considerably. In return for this, an after initial avoidment, the Spartans helped Perdiccas secure his borders, by leading an assault on King Arrhabaeus, with the promise of support from the Illyrians.〔I.G. i. 42〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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